History of Philippine Broadcasting free essay sample

Start of Radio and Television Broadcasting in the Philippines Broadcasting implies â€Å"to transmit a radio or TV program for open or general use†. This likewise incorporates other media, for example, the web. Broadcasting in the Philippines began as ahead of schedule as 1922. The main radio broadcasts were built up in Pasay and Manila by Henry Hermann in June 1922. Both of these were 50 watts. The Filipino representatives at that point built up their own radio broadcasts to be utilized for promoting their items. In 1924, the initial two call letters, â€Å"KZ†, was allocated to every single radio broadcast as per the laws of the United States of America. â€Å"KZKZ†, a 100-watt radio broadcast, supplanted the 50-watt radio broadcasts. In 1929, KZRC, Radio Cebu, opened in Cebu. It was then shut down instantly because of issues with shortwave flags among Manila and Cebu, yet was revived following 10 years and was used for guerilla developments. The Commonwealth Act No. 3840, otherwise called the Radio Control Law was established in 1931. We will compose a custom article test on History of Philippine Broadcasting or on the other hand any comparable theme explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page This demonstration made the Radio Control Division. It was then renamed Radio Control Office and went on until 1972 when previous president Ferdinand Marcos proclaimed Martial Law, and when the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkasters sa Pilipinas was built up as the telecom policing body. Since 1927, six business radio broadcasts were built up. These were KZEG, KZIB, KZRC, KZRF, KZRH, and KZRM. The United States of America furnished the Philippines with a shortwave transfer station on December 28, 1941. Radio projects were accumulated in Washington, conveyed through the NBC arrange, handed-off through KGEI in San Francisco, California, and shot to five radio broadcasts in Manila and to one station in Cebu. This radio sign transfer went on for six days until the Japanese constrained interfered. At the point when the American soldiers withdrew, every single radio broadcast aside from KZRH were wrecked. The Japanese powers at that point reactivated KZRM and KZRF, hence, having three radio broadcasts. KZRH was utilized by the Japanese Military Administration as a mouthpiece for the nation. Station KZRH was noted in the United States as KAIN, PIAN and PIRN, and station KZRM was noted as PIAM and PIRM. On February 6, 1942, Gen Emilio Aguinaldo asked Gen MacArthur to give up to the Japanese arms, through KZRH. After the World War II, the primary radio broadcast that returned on air was KZFM. It revived in May 1945, and was worked by the US Army Office of War Information. After President Harry Truman declared sway over the Philippines and its kin, KZFM was gone over to the Philippine government in September 11, 1946. It was renamed DZFM in 1947, which turned into a column in the Philippine Broadcasting. The initial two letters â€Å"KZ† was substituted to â€Å"DZ† for Manila, â€Å"DW† for Luzon, â€Å"DY† for the Visayas, and â€Å"DX† for Mindanao. On October 23, 1953, the primary authority transmission was broadcast in the Philippines. It was an American designer, James Lindenberg, additionally considered as the dad of Philippine Television who saw the capability of TV broadcasting in the Philippines. Lindenberg gathered transmitters and built up Bolinao Electronics Corporation (BEC) on June 13, 1946. He applied for a permit to build up a business TV channel in 1949, and was conceded a year after. In any case, the shortage of crude materials and the severe importation strategies constrained Lindenberg to wander into radio telecom. In 1952, Judge Antonio Quirino purchased 70 percent of BEC and gained the establishment by implication. He changed the name of the TV slot from BEC to ABS, which represents Alto Broadcasting System, after the new proprietors, Aleli and Antonio. Lindenberg filled in as the senior supervisor. Judge Quirino presented the principal TV channel in the Philippines when he opened DZAQTV divert 3 out of 1953. â€Å"AQ† represented Antonio Quirino. The main transmission went on air on October 23, 1953, with the event as a nursery party at the Quirino habitation. TV broadcasting at that point was increasingly disposed to governmental issues, with regards to the political battles of previous president Elpidio Quirino, sibling of Judge Antonio Quirino, were bolstered through it. Quirino lost the political race in spite of this battle. ABS was later offered to the Lopez family, who later changed it into ABS-CBN, which is as yet approaching the present. Another station opened in 1960. This was DZBB-TV Channel 7, or, the Republic Broadcasting System, possessed by Bob Stewart. They began with only 25 workers, an excess transmitter, and two old cameras. Their most mainstream program during that time was â€Å"Gabi ng Lagim†. In 1961, the National Science Development Board was built up. It was behind the most punctual activity to utilize nearby TV for training, Education on TV and Physics in the Atomic Age†. During the hour of Martial Law, ABS-CBN was the biggest TV broadcasting system. It has been seized from the Lopez family when their leader at that point, Eugenio Lopez Jr. was detained. In 1973, the Kapisanan ng mga Brodkaster ng Pilipinas (KBP) was established to manage the Philippine telecom.

How bad leadership affects organization Essay

Jean Lipman-Blumen characterized terrible administration as, â€Å"A poisonous pioneer is one who takes part in various ruinous practices and who shows certain useless individual attributes that cause some level of genuine mischief on either people or the association. † (Bad Leadership: Antecedents and Prescriptions) Where there is an awful administration present in the association and work environment, this could prompt hurtful results. For instance, mishaps, loss of profitability, cost incapability, low nature of item, correspondence chatter, employees’ nonappearances, mechanical harm, and so on. Be that as it may, explanations behind poor initiative could occur from various reasons, for example, pioneers who have poor administration aptitudes. Furthermore, this could influence representatives, associates and of course, pioneers also. What's more, pioneers with lacking abilities might be concerned with their own issues and may hinder any business movement inside a singularity or gathering. An exploration study has uncovered the way that lacking initiative expertise fundamentally influences on different colleagues and inability individual from the associations. In light of poor authority aptitudes of a pioneer, an association may experience the ill effects of negative work sees, absence of vision towards the company’s future objective, deficiency of characteristics to persuade laborers, absence of social abilities, and absence of motivation. Clearly, pioneers are paid to take care of issues and not simply to hold them. In this manner, pioneers are paid to give great administration which brings about the accomplishment of a company’s objectives. Kevin Dwyer, Poor Leadership; Poor Results 2006, said that, â€Å"Leaders must willingly volunteer to get â€Å"it† going. Rearranging off duty regarding activity to advisory groups, subordinates, government offices and everlastingly moaning about the absence of activity isn't sufficient. Pioneers are in the situation of having the option to both analyze the illness and treat the sickness of an association. On the off chance that they won’t do it, who will? † (Dwyer, n. d. ) Communication is viewed as the existence blood of each association. Consequently, absence of correspondence prompts negative yields. Other than this, a pioneer who has poor correspondence and social abilities can be hurtful for an organization. In view of poor authority, correspondence frequently comes up short and this prompts a few work botches and undesirable operational expense. For effective business activities, it is significant that pioneers ought to be outfitted with extraordinary relational abilities which can be applied in the association so as to accomplish a company’s wanted destinations. At the end of the day, Robert Hogan, Gordon Curphey, and Joyce Hogan wrote in American Psychologist that â€Å"abusive and uncouth administration make billions of dollars of lost efficiency every year. † (Stanford Business Magazine May 2006). In excess of 290 experts were mulled over in a study directed in the period from 2004 to 2005. This overview uncovered what appeared to be a dinky spot among best organizers and their own administration and authority aptitudes. Planners invest the vast majority of their work energy in arranging and summing up things for future. In the examination, they found that in a large portion of the cases, poor administration dumps a company’s generally speaking arranging. Or then again once in a while far more detestable, poor initiative frustrates organizers for delivering better approaches for critical thinking. What's more, Business Corporations only sometimes get achievement where pioneers don't have the foggiest idea how to tackle a specific issue. As per one review, â€Å"if an association pays a normal chief $80,000 every year, that pioneer ought to bring back at any rate that measure of significant worth to the association; in any case, the individual could be viewed as a losing speculation. Preferably, pioneers return more than what they are paid, along these lines creating benefit. Past examinations have indicated that there is around a 40 percent deviation in execution for a given job. In this way, a normal chief may be worth $80,000, an incredible pioneer worth $112,000 (+ 40%), and a poor head worth $48,000 (- 40%)†. (Cost of Poor Leadership Calculator) Psychologically, laborers and representatives who see their pioneers harsh, experience mental misery, weariness, expanded work clashes, lower levels of responsibility towards the company’s objectives and destinations, discouragement, lower creation yields, low degrees of occupation fulfillment, diminished individual working capacities, etc. Also, therefore, within the sight of these previously mentioned discoveries among workers, it appears to be extremely hard to accomplish authoritative objectives in an opportune way. As indicated by another examination directed in the UK about retail banks, the normal high road bank could build deals by ? 65 million every year by improving representative fulfillment by only 10 percent and practically 50% of the 44,000 individuals overviewed said that poor initiative was unfavorably influencing their organization’s execution. Steve Young, Project Director at ISR said that, â€Å"Leadership is a zone that is truly letting associations down with regards to representative responsibility, while a fourth of representatives accused either an awful working atmosphere or low work empowering agents, a half accused poor initiative. † (Poor authority pushes down financial benefits) In poor administration, employees’ confidence decreases and they feel less dedicated towards the organization and its strategic. In this quandary circumstance, ventures are finished gradually and hurriedly. Likewise, when employees’ confidence is down, they experience fatigue. A few Suggestions for Good Leadership In request to run the association in a powerful and serious manner, the executives makes a layout about the authority systems. In addition, they ought not likewise watch poor authority yet additionally destroy the foundations of poor initiative. In such manner, coming up next are a few focuses that can be utilized by any administration to improve a leader’s characteristics. 1) Quietly sabotage the pioneer 2) connect with others to face the pioneer 3) interface with others to oust the pioneer 4) Avoid entanglement by loved ones 5) bound the term of initiative 6) improve the determination procedure 7) Create great leave choices for pioneers 8) Hold chiefs in control make them act 9) make an arrangement of governing rules 10) Protect informants. In spite of every one of these realities, a poor chief ought to assess the person in question and decide his shortcoming and entanglements in every single regard of the initiative. What's more, after are rules for it 1) realize your capacity and how to utilize it 2) welcome the value of pioneers and value the help they cause 3) to perceive the alluring quality and downside of the intensity of pioneers 4) Study awful authority to gain from the missteps of awful pioneers. End As I talked about above and gave a few models about great and awful initiative, it makes extremely understood that a company’s achievement and disappointment relies on the way that how chiefs can lead a group to accomplish an organization’s thought processes. Verifiably, pioneers significantly affect the general business and gathering execution of an association. Other than this, great pioneers can apply their boss authority abilities to improve things and to turn authoritative objectives the correct way. Actually, awful authority influences a company’s execution adversely as far as creation, employees’ assurance, morals, correspondence and numerous different things. In this way, it is the obligation of the administration and the executive to keep a beware of the leader’s job in the association for that organization’s achievement. Henceforth, a great head has a critical effect in the fruitful activity of any association paying little mind to the extent of that association. In any case, we should not overlook that better initiative isn't simply kept than the business part. Viable pioneers are additionally fundamental for the tranquility of the entire world in each sense. References A decent pioneer offers rude awakening, expressions of gratitude †The Business Journal of the Greater Triad Area: http://www. bizjournals. com/group of three/stories/2004/04/26/smallb3. html Accessed, April 9, 2007. Terrible Leadership: Antecedents and Prescriptions http://72. 14. 253. 104/search? q=cache:nBXXeIOGawEJ:www. koreagsis. air conditioning. kr/bbs/pds/Bad%2520Leadership%2520Colloquium_1. ppt+bad+leadership+effects+organisation&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=20&gl=pk Accessed, April 9, 2007 Cost of Poor Leadership Calculator http://www. ddiworld. com/imex/greatleadervalue. asp Dana Hinders, (Published June 21 2005) Michael Useem’s Leading Up: Upward Leadership In Action How To Lead Your Boss So Your Both Win Journal Article Dwyer Kevin , Journal article Poor Leadership; Poor Results. Emcc †Transforming associations †the significance of authority and culture in overseeing change http://eurofound. europa. eu/emcc/content/source/eu04006a. html? p1=reports&p2=null Accessed, April 9, 2007 Jeffrey Pfeffer and Robert I Sutton, (2000), diary article, The Half-Truth of Leadership. Stanford Business Magazine May 2006 http://www. gsb. stanford. edu/news/bmag/sbsm0605/feature_leadership. html Accessed, April 9, 2007 McLean Cari, October 18, 2005, diary article, vital initiative: An unrivaled perspective. Tsun-yan Hsieh and Sara Yik, Journal article, Leadership as the Starting Point of Strategy Poor authority pushes down financial benefits http://www. the executives issues. com/2006/8/24/investigate/poor-administration pushes-down-banking-benefits. asp Accessed, April 9, 2007 What is Leadership? http://72. 14. 253. 104/search? q=cache:q_XTVWqb68QJ:www. drug. umich. edu/csp/Course%2520materials/Fall%25202005/Thorson_What%2520is%2520Leadership. ppt+definition:+leadership&hl=en&ct=clnk&cd=6&gl=pk. Gotten to, April 9, 2007.

Computational Fluid Dynamics . Supersonic Wind Tunnel Air Fl Assignment

Computational Fluid Dynamics . Supersonic Wind Tunnel Air Fl Assignment Computational Fluid Dynamics . Supersonic Wind Tunnel Air Fl â€" Assignment Example > YearIntroductionComputational fluid dynamics (CFD) is becoming one of the most sought after skills in both small and large industries. According to Pozrikidis (2009), effective simulation helps reduce cost of design implementations by over 75%. A system analysis software company, ANSYS Inc. is one such a company that is a global in production, training and hence use of CFD. ANSYS CFX is one such software that is extensively applied in analysis of fluids. CFD is important in design on many accounts. Blazek (2005) says, CFD analysis applications are critical in ensuring the success of design and development phases of industrial production. They include, but not limited to internal and external fluid flows, gas or liquid flow with heat transfer, real gases, time dependent flow, heat transfer, transonic/subsonic/supersonic regimes, turbulent/laminar flows, compressible gas and conjugate heat transfer. CFD analysis is complex and needs vast experience and knowledge in thermal and fluid dynamics. Some of the analysis services include the thermal hydraulic analysis, heat transfer analysis structural fluid interaction, industrial fluid dynamic analysis and dynamic mesh analysis. For this particular experiment, CFD is applied in analysis of a supersonic wind tunnel air flowing from a hot reservoir (9000C) to a low temperature test section (400C) and at pressure 9 atmospheres via throat. CFD is particularly important/most reliable simulator for this kind of problem because of because it is used to obtain both the qualitative and quantitative analyses of the fluid study. With this tool, the boundary conditions can be determined. This makes ANSYS the most reliable in carrying out the CFD in our particular case. For a fluid under pressure (the 9 atms)/ compressible fluid dynamics, its speed of motion is compared with that of sound. The comparison is expressed in terms of ratio of the local flow-speed, u, divided by the local speed of sound, a. This is referred to as th e Mach number, M expressed as belowThis number is used in categorizing the compressible flows into different Mach number regimes. To make the Mach number useful, it can be viewed as being directly proportional to the ratio of the Kinetic to the internal energy of the molecules (). If there is no losses involved, then the Mach number is referred to as the Isentropic Mach number. It refers to the ideal Mach number one would get without the losses and walls without friction. In this particular case, these two form the assumptions of the study. With the Isentropic state in mind, and the pressure conditions, the isentropic flow relations Mach number can be computed using the formulaAs the speed of motion increases beyond speed of sound, the fluid/air Mach number is greater than 1 M 1. This happens with supersonic flow. In this case, the density changes faster than the velocity changes by a factor that is equal to M squared. i. e Mach number squared. According to (), for a supersonic sp eed, the Mach number range is given as shown below. The Mach number, if given, can therefore be used to compute speed of flow. The table below summarizes the relationship between regime, Mach and speed.

The Role of Love in Much Ado About Nothing by William...

The Role of Love in Much Ado About Nothing by William Shakespeare The role of romantic love plays a central part in the plot of Shakespeares Much Ado About Nothing. The way in which each character embraces the emotion shows a great deal about who they are, as well as the time in which they lived. Love, as defined by Shakespeares characters, differs greatly from my own definition. However, the changeable nature of the emotion itself is what allows Claudio, Hero, Bene*censored*, and Beatrice to interact in a way that is both comical and entertaining. Perhaps the most obvious of all the differences between my opinion of love and Shakespeares is the time frame in which 2 individuals grow to develop the emotion. This is most likely due†¦show more content†¦There is a large disparity in the way these people reveal their emotions. The differences help to distinguish each character and his personality. The character of Claudio is written to be impulsive. His actions are not supported by a profundity in thought and are therefore rash and impetuous. Claudio falls in love with Hero without having so much as a conversation with her. He then falls quickly out of love when he believes her to be cheating on him. If Claudio truly loved Hero, he would cherish her as a human being rather than as that which he coveted. If his love for her was consistent with my definition, his trust in her would have caused him to doubt even his own eyes upon seeing her with another man. It would also cause him to seek out the truth, no matter how obvious it might seem. He should have had difficulty in believing that someone with whom he shared a piece of his soul could so easily deceive him. Instead of confronting Hero privately (which to me would have been the rational thing to do), he chooses to publicly humiliate her and bring shame to her father. Albeit these are not the actions of a rational person, the y are necessary to convey the absurdity of the plot. I doubt Shakespeare was trying to achieve sincerity in any of his characters. If he had, Much Ado About Nothing would simply not have been funny. The role of women in the time at which the play was writtenShow MoreRelatedWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing1285 Words   |  6 PagesMuch Ado About Nothing, is a comedic play by William Shakespeare thought to have been written in 1598 and 1599, as Shakespeare was approaching the middle of his career. (Wikipedia) This timeless play is generally considered one of Shakespeare’s best comedies, because it combines a cheerful mood with an intricate series of deceptions and miscommunications. It’s known for its hilarity, honor, shame and court politics. Shakespeare depicts different kinds of loving relationships- romantic love, familyRead More Much Ado About Nothing Essay: Many Facets of Love Explored847 Words   |  4 PagesMany Facets of Love Explored in Much Ad o About Nothing      Ã‚   In Shakespeares romantic comedy Much Ado About Nothing, Shakespeare focuses a great deal of time to the ideas of young, lustful, and intellectual love. Claudio and Hero, Borachio and Margaret, and Benedick and Beatrice, respectively, each represent one of the basic aspects of love. Shakespeare is careful to point out that not one path is better than another. The paths are merely different, and all end happily. Shakespeare also exploresRead More Comparing Romeo and Juliet and Much Ado About Nothing Essay552 Words   |  3 PagesJuliet and Much Ado About Nothing As illustrated by the two plays Romeo and Juliet and Much Ado About Nothing, William Shakespeare was a true romantic. In each play, his characters suffer great hardship, but in the end, he delivers them to a life of eternal love. Characters plot against each other in each play. The relationships of the people in his plays are not always what they seem. Whether it be a tragedy or a comedy, Shakespeare encompasses three elements into his plays: love, intrigue, andRead More Much Ado About Nothing Essay: The Character of Don John1112 Words   |  5 PagesThe Character of Don John in Much Ado About Nothing  Ã‚     Ã‚   William Shakespeares Much Ado About Nothing is a comedy in which he uses one of his more peculiar villains. The antagonist in this play is Don John, the bastard brother of Don Pedro. In this paper I will discuss the role of Don John as well as his motives and the character himself. I will also delve into Shakespeares use of Don John as the antagonist. I will be comparing Don John to other characters in the play as well as to otherRead MoreWilliam Shakespeare s Much Ado About Nothing And Hamlet1503 Words   |  7 Pagestheir thoughts, well-being, actions, and interactions with the other set roles. William Shakespeare’s plays included dissimilar characters and different methods of characterization. The two plays that will be compared and contrasted are William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing and Hamlet. As for the characters from each play, Beatrice, Benedict, Don John, Don Pedro, Claudio, and Hero will be assessed from Much Ado About Nothing and from Haml et, Hamlet, Claudius, Gertrude, Polonius, Laertes, and OpheliaRead MoreMuch Ado About Nothing Individualism Analysis1380 Words   |  6 Pages Much Ado About Nothing, written by William Shakespeare, sheds light on individualism. Individualism is the habit or principle of being independent and self-reliant. Individualism philosophies are the moral stance, political philosophy, ideology, or social outlook that emphasizes the moral worth of the sole individual. William Shakespeare was an English poet and playwright, and was considered one of the greatest writers in the English language, of all time. Still to this day, Shakespeare has hisRead MoreShakespeares Greatness: Much Ado About Nothing, and King Lear1425 Words   |  6 Pagescuriosity will develop which will lead to the wonder of what the conclusion my bring about. Not only is it important to snatch the audience’s attention in the beginning, it is necessary to hold it prisoner throughout the tale. Authors do this by hav ing an interesting plot development in which many unexpected details come into play and the course of the story is thrown from the norm and into the conflict. Shakespeare was a master of this art in the work he produced throughout his life and was able toRead More Comparing Katharina, of The Taming of the Shrew and Beatrice of Much Ado About Nothing1317 Words   |  6 PagesShrew and Beatrice, of Much Ado About Nothing Shakespeare’s Katharina, of The Taming of the Shrew and Beatrice, of Much Ado About Nothing, are very similar characters.   Each is plagued with unrequited love, and depressed by their inability to woo the suitor of their choosing.   Neither will accept the passive female role expected by society. Yet, both women seem to accept their role as wife by the conclusion.   Upon further examination, one will find that Beatrice is a much more complex characterRead More William Shakespeares Much Ado About Nothing Essay1155 Words   |  5 PagesWilliam Shakespeares Much Ado About Nothing   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In the play Much Ado About Nothing, William Shakespeare describes how a person can do a lot of things out of nothing. There are four main characters in this play that find a lot to do about stupid things and it can make things very difficult. The main characters are: Benedick, Claudio, Beatrice, and Hero. Shakespeare explains the roles of these four different characters and how relationships work. Its amazing what he knew 400 years ago aboutRead MoreMuch to Do with Deception2356 Words   |  10 Pagesâ€Å"Much To Do With Deception† A Critical Research Paper about William Shakespeare’s Much Ado About Nothing Much Ado About Nothing, written by William Shakespeare, is a dramatic production that uses the tools of deception and humor under the category of comedy. As defined by Paul N. Siegel, â€Å"A comic play is usually accepted to be a light-hearted play with a happy conclusion.† Yet, Shakespearian tragic plays often use deception as a method to damage the role of the hero. In other Shakespearian tragedies

The Unexposed Secret of Good Argumentative Research Essay Topics

The Unexposed Secret of Good Argumentative Research Essay Topics Textbooks ought to be free. Psychology can supply a wealth of interesting matters to discuss. Argumentative writings is a particular sort of a paper. The ability to come up with a great research topic is a significant skill. The dearth of excellent support sources will end in a decrease grade. One of the greatest approaches to make writing a research paper easier is to select a topic that you're passionate about. The procedure for getting good argumentative research essay topics is not simple. The New Fuss About Good Argumentative Research Essay Topics When you're planning to write a style essay, it's essential to be sure that you're discussing the debut of the fashion industry and its general development over recent years. An excessive amount of money isn't a good thing. You may use different examples that can be found on the net at no cost. Advertising and the media are now nearly inseparable from society for a whole. The Dirty Truth on Good Argumentative Research Essay Topics Such a vibrant and dynamic field is likely to create some excellent research questions. Learn which of the topics, you currently have a fairly good background on which will make it possible for you to have a relative edge. It's important to select debatable argumentative essay topics since you need opposing points you may counter to your own points. It's possible to go for an intriguing topic from any area of science. Inspiration to make your own advertising or media argumentative essay topics isn't tricky to discover. Choose several topics which you find interesting and brainstorm. At times you might require some expert help with argumentative essay topics. To compose a strong argumentative essay, students should start by familiarizing themselves with a number of the common, and frequently conflicting, positions on the research topic so they can write an educated paper. Your essay may center on gender issues from different portions of the world such as women rights in the Middle East and so forth. Writing an ideal research study looks quite a struggle, but you can manage it easier. Another reason is to observe how well students argue on unique views and demonstrate understanding of the studied subject. Every year, students see that the report known as the research paper is the section of the science fair project in the place where they learn the most. In the event if you're new to write fashion essay papers and don't have any knowledge of it, we can assist you. When you are finished with your essay, you must not simply check it for spelling and grammatical errors, but nevertheless, it also has to be checked for logical fallacies. On the flip side, if you've got to compose a persuasive essay, all the matters mentioned previously don't play such significant function. You may continue to keep your argumentative essays for your upcoming job portfolio in case they're highly graded. In choosing your topic, it's frequently a good notion to start out with a subject which you already have some familiarity with. Quite frequently, the ideal topic is one which you truly care about, but you also will need to get ready to research it. Deciding on an effortless topic may prove to be an incorrect track because you may have difficulties finding credible sources to support your views. Deciding on an emotional topic is also a superb idea. The major distinction is that the argumentative essay should demonstrate a discussion instead of a single opinion. Our argumentative essay topic ideas are supposed to save your time when you must choose what things to write about. It is quite easy to come across such a topic and also write this kind of essay as long as you adhere to a few essential rules. Researching the topic permits you to find out more about what fascinates you, and should you pick something you really like, writing the essay will be more enjoyable. The majority of the folks have a tendency to run away from politics and thus the politics essays also, therefore it is quite important to grab the eye of the readers till the conclusion of the essay and that would be much difficult I know. When students are writing their argumentative essays which need to find, read and analyze a lot of material to do good. If it's necessary to compose your whole essay in 1 day, do your very best to give yourself breaks so you do n't burn out. There are many steps which you should take so as to write a superb essay. Persuasive essays share a good deal of resemblance with argumentative essays. Argumentative essays are a few of the best that you can write as a student. Easy expository essays are essays where you're anticipated to work on facts as opposed to opinions. An argumentative essay is a certain sort of academic writing. Life, Death and Good Argumentative Research Essay Topics There are just a few things that define whether an essay you're working on is going to be a good one. If you select the incorrect subject, you might get stuck with your writing and have a tough time moving forward. Life is far better than it was 50 decades ago. Our life is about words.

Melencolia I Free Essays

Finkelstein’s â€Å"The relativity of Albrecht Dà ¼rer† offers an intensely scientific, geometric, linguistic and analytical interpretation of the engraving Melencolia I. With the help of research done earlier by such scholars as Erwin Panofsky and Frances Yates, Finkelstein explores the hidden dimensions of a piece of artwork and uncovers ideas that had before hardly been considered. Drawing on the fact that Dà ¼rer was a mathematician as well as an artist, Finkelstein makes several predictions about the content of the work and systematically offers rather logical progressions that identify the predictions as plausible. We will write a custom essay sample on Melencolia I or any similar topic only for you Order Now He makes one disclaimer: â€Å"We do not look for deep philosophical secrets in this engraving as much as for insights into Dà ¼rer’smind and times† (2005, p. 4). This demonstrates Finkelstein’s knowledge that his analysis of the work of a dead artist can amount only to very convincing conjecture. He is cognizant that such a work can offer only insight rather than uncovering of secrets that can be said to have been definitively hidden by the artist. The insight apparently gained by Finkelstein is itself manifold, but primarily demonstrates the idea of relativism within this art by denoting the importance of perspective to an artist and especially to one who was also as much a scientist as Dà ¼rer. Secondarily, Finkelstein sets out to identify the Melencolia I as a portrait of the Dà ¼rer family. Finkelstein does find a great deal of cogent evidence indicating that Dà ¼rer indeed intended meaning beyond the mere surface of the etching. The mysterious aspect of the work, he reveals, is explained by the necessity during that time to be secretive in displaying anything that had to do with the â€Å"new† sciences or with hermetics. Within the image of the polyhedron Finkelstein notes the presence of two faces. These are hidden from immediate view, and the presence of hidden faces in other works by Dà ¼rer indicates that this vision is not imagination. The visions are of a woman and man, and closely fit the images of previous works done by Dà ¼rer of his father and mother. The significance of his parents in an etching ostensibly about melancholy appears odd, yet an even more obscure hidden figure found by Finkelstein points to Dà ¼rer himself. These three figures together appear to make Melencolia I the bearer of a family portrait. The idea of Dà ¼rer’s family being a large part of the subject matter of the work is revealed again in the presence of two rebuses in the Dà ¼rer coat-of-arms and another in the engraving itself. The initials A.D. appear under the year 1514—which seems to be a play on the Anno Domini interpretation of that initialism. The Durer coat-of-arms is itself an overt reference to his family and it contains at its centre a picture of an open gate sitting on a cloud. Cross-referencing between the Latin root for burin (a chisel and a figure seen in the coat-of-arms) uncovers a connection between the ideas â€Å"I chisel† and â€Å"heaven.† Finkelstein reads this (along with the picture of the open gates) as Limen Caelo or â€Å"gateway to heaven† (2005, p. 8). This nomenclature is connected to his families name via some linguistic changes that render Dà ¼rer a German representation of door or gate. Further investigation leads to the interpretation of a magic square (which can be seen in the engraving) as a further reference to a member of the Dà ¼rer family, namely the artist himself. Finkelstein relies on the phenomenon of the Greek alphabet that renders to each letter a corresponding number. The name Albrecht Dà ¼rer contains letters (numbers) that sum to 135, whereas the magic square contains numbers that sum to 136. This, Finkelstein notices, might be taken to mean 135 + 1—with the numeral 1 being in reference to God (not an unusual reference at the time). Upon looking further at the magic square, the numeral 1 does seem set off from the others by being unquestionably larger. Other messages are uncovered in this work by Finkelstein. He uncovers meanings in the images of the bat, the putto (cherub), the angel, the ladder et cetera. One striking message is in the title of the piece itself—which seems to refer to melancholy, yet spells the word incorrectly in every known language. Previous study of the bat done by Finkelstein had discredited any idea that Dà ¼rer considered melancholy a worthy topic—and it might be seen that the â€Å"gates of heaven† ideas uncovered before are far from melancholy. Finkelstein considers â€Å"melencolia† to be an anagram for Limen Caelo, and this can be easily verified. The research paper points out very detailed aspects of Melencolia I that indicate it indeed possible that the work is a portrait of the Dà ¼rer family. The fact that the idea of the bat can be turned to mean that Albrecht Dà ¼rer discredits melancholy proves to be a small and negligible idea. However, when coupled with Finkelstein’s other numerological and linguistic manipulations, the evidence seems alarmingly convincing. It seems hardly likely that a magic square that has been concocted to add to 34 would also spontaneously find all its numbers adding to 135 + 1. However, two questions arise: How could Dà ¼rer have made such a square fulfil so many requirements at once? What could the number 34 mean? Finkelstein does not address the meaning of 34—an omission that serves somewhat to undermine his work’s accuracy, as it demonstrates a lack of thoroughness. However, his position might be restored if it is considered that perhaps 34 actually means nothing at all and that the numbers of Jupiter’s Table were manipulated specifically and solely for the purpose of coming up with the 135 + 1 total on Dà ¼rer’s Table. These ideas render believable again the ideas presented by Finkelstein that the etching represents Dà ¼rer’s family portrait. Finkelstein also asserts the theory that Dà ¼rer’s etching is a symbolic reference to relativism. First Finkelstein establishes the relativistic condition that his own perspective of viewing the piece had changed, as he no longer sees it as an expression of melancholy. Finkelstein then demonstrates that his perspective does render the meaning of the painting as malleable as speed does time. The fact that Finkelstein is able to attach such an impressively argued alternate interpretation of the piece is a strong point in favour of the idea of relativism. For example, he analyses the angel within the engraving, and this analysis does well at undergirding the idea of relativity. Though many before have taken the serious countenance of the angel to mean that she represents melancholy, Finkelstein’s scrutiny points out (among other things) that the angle at which the angels eyes are inclined indicates that her own â€Å"perspective† does not lead her toward melancholic thoughts. Nor can her melancholy be considered the creative type, Finkelstein continues, as she is not involved in any creative activity. Rather, her eyes lead toward the realm of the heavens—focused on nothing within the frame itself, but beyond. Finkelstein’s analysis seems plausible, and again this is especially true because of his earlier discovery of multiple references to the gateway of heaven. It is also quite noteworthy that the angel is looking out (that is, appears contemplative rather than sad). References to the contemporary division of â€Å"the world under God into three concentric spheres, roughly Terrestrial, Celestial, and Intellectual,† as well as to three spheres of thought, unites contemplation with the heavens (Finkelstein, 2005, p. 10). Therefore, Finkelstein sets the stage for making a convincing case for the angel to be contemplative rather than depressed. However, Finkelstein’s position that the angel could not be experiencing creative melancholy seems a little precarious. He bases it on an assumption that she is far from her creative tools—yet she does seem to be holding something that could be a pencil or other writing apparatus. Plus, execution of art cannot be the only stage in which creativity takes place, as the thoughts that give rise to this execution are perhaps the nuclei of such artistic creativity. Therefore, despite the angle of her eyes, the angel could very well still be in a creatively melancholic mood. Finkelstein emphasises polymorphism also as evidence of relativity within Dà ¼rer’s work. He shows this polymorphism to be evident in many of the images within the piece, and brings out their alternative meaning through connections to physics. The images of the potto and the angel, for instance, flank the image of a scale. This instrument touches each lightly with apparently the same amount of force and is balanced between them. The potto might represent the artisan (mere craftsman) whose works is corporeal, and the angel represent the artistic or heavenly quality of the artist. In pointing out that the scale touches them equally, Finkelstein identifies the idea that the physical and intellectual aspects of art are equal. However, he makes the point more strongly in his reference to the works of other artists, researchers, and scientists of the past. These works strengthen his own by asserting also â€Å"a balance between the worlds above and below, the Intellectual and Terrestrial spheres represented by the angel and the putto† (Finkelstein, 2005, p. 16). Then Finkelstein caps this idea with a reference to earlier interpretations of the equation e = mc2, which likens energy to the â€Å"immaterial realm of forces† while mass represents â€Å"the material realm of bodies† (Finkelstein, 2005, p. 16). Though the paper was extremely well researched, a few areas exist in which it might have been more convincing. The explanation of the meaning of the magic square might have included an acknowledgement of the areas in which the author had no interpretation for some of its variables. This is especially true for the number 34, which does represent the most important number of that particular magic square, according to the established method for interpreting such a square. Other parts of the interpretations appear to be very far-fetched and exaggerated, such as the existence of facial images in the polyhedron, which I have not been able to see. Another reference is to a nebulous union of the Star of David (seen within the polyhedron) and Dà ¼rer’s supposed incorporation of a Jewish theme. Why Finkelstein includes this is unclear, as any connection between the star and Jews would be (as he admits) anachronistic. Plus, the significance of Judaism to the painting is not made very clear. It would perhaps have been better to have omitted this or to have made the connections clearer. David R. Finkelstein’s critique and interpretation of Dà ¼rer’s Melencolia I does present a very cogent (albeit philosophical) view of the etching as a representation of art’s relativity. Even if Finkelstein has not succeeded in proving conclusively that Durer’s intention was to portray this idea, the methods and approaches that Finkelstein uses to interpret the engraving strongly corroborate this idea. He does succeed in demonstrating that the etchings might be viewed as a portrait of the Dà ¼rer family, and his other efforts (in which he utilizes scientific, linguistic, and other analytical devices) at interpreting the different images within the whole work help to make Finkelstein’s critique an interesting and convincing one. Despite this, he does present some far-fetched theories that serve to undermine the cogency (and indeed the scientific reliability) of his argument. However, considering the subject matter (art), what Finkelstein does accomplish is impressive. Reference Finkelstein, David R. (2005). The Relativity of Albrecht Dà ¼rer. School of Physics, Georgia   Institute of Technology. Atlanta. How to cite Melencolia I, Essay examples

The Outcasts Of Poker Flat - John Oakhurst Analysis Essays

The Outcasts of Poker Flat - John oakhurst Analysis John Oakhurst is the main character in The Outcasts of Poker Flat. John is an outstanding person and has some phenomenal traits. Such as that he is unusually calm, courageous, and modest. John has shown numerous times in The Outcasts of Poker Flat, that he is an extraordinarily calm person. One time in which Mr. Oakhurst showed extreme calmness is when the men come to take him away, and he just took what is coming. That to me shows extreme calmness. Another time when John Oakhurst shoes his trait of calmness is when he has to walk on foot back to Poker Flat to save Piney. John just said that he would try, and off he went. No worries or second thoughts about it. Those two things to me, show that John Oakhurst is a extremely calm person. John, the gambler, is an extremely courageous person. He has proven this by a number of actions in this story. First of all he shows tons of courage by not getting scared when the travelers and him get snowed in. If it where me I probably would have run off like Uncle Billy did. Another example of when Mr. Oakhurst showed courage was when he kicked Uncle Billy to stop him from laughing. Most people would have just told him to stop laughing. But not Mr. Oakhurst, he just gave him a swift kick in the stomach. That to me shows the utmost courage in the world. Another one of Johns traits is that he is overwhelmingly modest. Mr. Oakhursts modesty is proven numerous times in this short story by Brett Harte. One of those times is when John puts the death card on the tree, he doesnt boast about dying while trying to save a life. He simply states that he ran out of luck on a certain day. Another time in which John displayed modesty is when he never boasts of winning all that money during card games. He had a perfect opportunity too when he met The innocent on their adventures. Those are the two reasons that I think John Oakhurst is a modest person. Overall, I think that John Oakhurst is a good person. I believe he is this because of the traits listed above. If I was alive in the old west, John is a person I would like to run in to.

Tips on Writing a Good Research Essay

Tips on Writing a Good Research Essay Tips on Writing a Good Research Essay A good research essay improves the grades of the students in the campuses. This is because since the exams are normally difficult the teachers normally ask the students to write the research essays. Those that write the best essays earn a lot of marks and even if they fail in the exams the researches that they did boost their performance. For those that do not know how to write the research essays, they have to look for the tips on writing a good research essay either from the teachers or their fellow friends. Some of the tips that those people are given are: They should understand the title of the essay. The same applies to the instructions that they have been given. They should read those instructions carefully so that they can get what they are required to write about. Before they write anything, they should have the right concept of the paper so that whatever they write will be correct. As they go through the questions they should mark the key words in the questions. These key words normally carry the main point in the question therefore once they understand the key points then they also understand the questions better. They should also break the questions into smaller sentences so that it can be easy for them to read and understand the questions. Once they are in shorter sentences it is easier to understand the question. After understanding the questions now the students should get all the materials that they need in order to do the research. They should only concentrate on the information that is related to the question. This is because they might waste a lot of time reading other materials that do not with the research and they end up not finishing the work on time and this could lead to punishments. Then once they have the materials with the information that they need, they should take notes on all the important points that they come across to avoid forgetting those points. They should then put those points together, explain those points according to the question, then look for evidence that supports those points. This way they will be able to evaluate whether they have the right information or not. After gathering all these points they should now draft the essay. They should first give an introduction to show the lecturer the question that he is answering as well as give the lecturer a clue of what he has written about. Then in the body of the essay, he should show all the points that he had gathered by outlining them in order, explaining them as well as showing the evidences that support them. They should also ensure that the points follow each other systematically. Then they should go through the work to correct any mistakes. As a matter of fact you can enjoy professional research essay writing help also, from academic experts at writing service.

About the U.S. Census Bureau

About the U.S. Census Bureau There are a lot of people in the United States, and its not easy keeping track of them all. But one agency tries to do just that: the U.S. Census Bureau. Conducting the Decennial CensusEvery 10 years, as required by the U.S. Constitution, the Census Bureau conducts a head count of all the people in the U.S. and asks them questions to help learn more about the country as a whole: who we are, where we live, what we earn, how many of us are married or single, and how many of us have children, among other topics. The data collected isnt trivial, either. It is used to apportion seats in Congress, distribute federal aid, define legislative districts and help federal, state and local governments plan for growth. A Massive and Costly TaskThe next national census in the United States will be in 2010, and it wont be an insignificant undertaking. It is expected to cost more than $11 billion, and around 1 million part-time employees will be enlisted. In a bid to increase data collection efficiency and processing, the 2010 census will be the first to use hand-held computing devices with GPS capability. Formal planning for the 2010 survey, including trial runs in California and North Carolina, begins two years before the survey. History of the CensusThe first U.S. census was taken in Virginia in the early 1600s, when America was still a British colony. Once independence was established, a new census was needed to determine who, exactly, comprised the nation; that occurred in 1790, under then-Secretary of State Thomas Jefferson. As the nation grew and evolved, the census became more sophisticated. To help plan for growth, to assist with tax collection, to learn about crime and its roots and to learn more information about peoples lives, the census began asking more questions of people. The Census Bureau was made a permanent institution in 1902 by an act of Congress. Composition and Duties of the Census BureauWith about 12,000 permanent employees-and, for the 2000 Census, a temporary force of 860,000-the Census Bureau is headquartered in Suitland, Md. It has 12 regional offices in Atlanta, Boston, Charlotte, N.C., Chicago, Dallas, Denver, Detroit, Kansas City, Kan., Los Angeles, New York, Philadelphia and Seattle. The bureau also operates a processing center in Jeffersonville, Ind., as well as call centers in Hagerstown, Md., and Tucson, Ariz., and a computer facility in Bowie, Md. The Bureau falls under the auspices of the Department of Commerce and is headed by a director who is appointed by the president and confirmed by the Senate. The Census Bureau doesnt operate strictly for the benefit of the federal government, however. All of its findings are available to and for use by the public, academia, policy analysts, local and state governments and business and industry. Though the Census Bureau may ask questions that seem exceedingly personal-about household income, for example, or the nature of ones relationships to others in a household-the information collected is kept confidential by federal law and is used simply for statistical purposes. In addition to taking a complete census of the U.S. population every 10 years, the Census Bureau conducts several other surveys periodically. They vary by geographic region, economic strata, industry, housing and other factors. Some of the many entities that use this information include the Department of Housing and Urban Development, the Social Security Administration, the National Center for Health Statistics and the National Center for Education Statistics. The next federal census taker, called an enumerator, likely wont come knocking on your door until 2010, but when he or she does, remember that they are doing more than just counting heads. Phaedra Trethan is a freelance writer who also works as a copy editor for the Camden Courier-Post. She formerly worked for the Philadelphia Inquirer, where she wrote about books, religion, sports, music, films and restaurants.

Supply chain management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 4

Supply chain management - Essay Example The supply chain is defined as the activities linked with the movement and alteration of commodities from the lowest stage to the consumer’s stage. Supply chain does not have much difference hence this made the organizations start the tendency of depending fully on suppliers to enable them execute their duties efficiently. However, any organization can fit to be part of supply chain. Supply chain management needs a clear management hard work by the involved organizations in supply chain. For supply chain management to be successful, the companies involved must implement on the enterprise-to-enterprise perception (Mentzer, 2001). Top management is the most significant constituents when one or many companies is attempting to inject a new idea in the market, for example, a new product or a program. Because top management are essential in SCM and they have the ability to identify crucial resources that fit supply chain ventures, due to these, the company has the power to restructure and create policies to help both organizational objectives. Recent research specified that top management often acknowledge the existence of SCM, and the commitment features only once in three organizations. Hesitation to SCM commitment may arise when the top management uncomfortable with its client’s strength in the supply chain, these factors lead to their success in the market. What creates these difficulties are the challenges in global supply chain which include economic differences, technological differences, cultural, logistical and spatial differences, these factors have their different impacts hence globalization supply facing difficulties. For instance, global supply chain expounds into longer and are more unpredictable, there might be delays during shipment, which creates increment of the client’s demand, for example, what

Equity and Trust Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Equity and Trust - Essay Example That’s when Lord Longdale ruled that Richard Knight did not make a trust, because his will did not satisfy the three certainty tests named above (Brophy, 2008, p. 91). In the case above, the provisions satisfy only one certainty that is certainty of intention. In Jones vs. Lock 1865, the court denoted that for a trust to be established, it must pass the certainty of intention test. In this case, Robert Jones loosely said that he was going to keep son 900 pounds for his child. Before altering his will, he died. The issue under consideration in this case therefore was on whether the 900 pounds he had offered belonged to the child, or to the residuary legatees. In arriving at their decision, the court held that Robert Jones did not have any intention of initiating a trust for the child; therefore the money was still under his residuary legatees. On this basis therefore, the court denoted that certainty of intention must be proved for a trust be valid. This argument is further rei nforced in the case involving Paul vs. Constance 1977. In this case, the court denoted that prove of certainty of intention is an important factor in determining the validity of a trust (Harrison, 2012, p.29). Sam, in his will provides for the distribution of his shares to Margaret his sister, and four grandchildren. However, he does not specify the amount of shares to be distributed to the individuals. In the case law that involved Palmer vs Simmonds 1854, the court denoted that there wasn’t any trust established when the testator wrote in his will that the bulk of his property should go to four unnamed individuals on an equal measure, but subject to a number of stipulations (Brophy, 2008, p. 41). This is because the Testator was not specific on the value of his property that was to be shared. On this basis therefore, the above provision is not valid, and does not create a trust, because he does not prove certainty of subject matter. Another issue that arises also is that Sa m does not give the names of the grand children under consideration, and it is therefore difficult for the trustees to know whom Sam had in mind. In the case law involving IRC vs. Broad way Cottages, the court denoted that in an instance where it is difficult to establish the specific beneficiaries of a will, then the trust established is void (Brophy, 2008, p. 56). In this case, the testator wrote a will denoting that any income derived from his property should benefit the settlor’s wife, and other relations of the settler. The term relation was not certain, making the will void. On this basis therefore, the provisions in this will are void, and do not establish a trust. (b) In this case, Sam satisfies the certainties established in the Case law of Knight vs. Knight. This provision satisfies the certainties of object, intention and subject matter. For instance, Sam identifies the object to be disposed, and that is a bronze statue of a musician; and the beneficiaries who are the grandchildren of Fiona. The case involving Re Kayford 1975 is a perfect example of a case law that depicts the importance of certainty of intention in a will (Brophy, 2008, p. 67). In this case, the managers of Kayford mailing company were concerned that their organization will be insolvent. On this basis, they opened an account with another bank to keep payments that

When Different Kinds Of Organisms Interact

When Different Kinds Of Organisms Interact Microorganisms, as the name suggests, are extremely minute organisms which are impossible to be observed by the naked eyes. Due to their size, they are mostly interpreted as being single-celled organisms and include different types of organisms in their classification bacteria, viruses, fungi, archaea and protists. Also, there are some animals which are so small that they need to be visualised under microscope for their structure to be determined, hence are termed as microscopic animals. While most of the microorganisms, due to their ability to interrupt with the normal cellular activities of other living organisms, are considered mostly as being pathogenic, they are also advantageous in a huge number of ways and their role in nature makes them crucial for the balance of the ecosystem. When different kinds of organisms interact with each other for living, the process of symbiosis occurs. The symbiosis can occur through the fusion of one organism into the other known as endosymbiosis or just through the extracellular communication of the organisms known as ectosymbiosis. The interaction among these organisms can occur in different forms such as mutualism where both of the organisms associate to benefit from each other, commensalism where one organism is in an advantageous stage while the other remains neutral with no gain or loss and parasitism where an organism takes the benefits for its survival by harming the other organism it is attached with (Prescott, 1999). The symbiotic behaviour of the microorganisms which helps them in forming different kind of relationships such as mutualism and commensalism with different kinds of animals has proved to be very beneficial for them. One of the significant benefits has been the aid provided by the microorganisms during the digestion of food in the intestinal tract of the animals. For example the presence of the microbial ecology inside the body of ruminant animals has played a huge role in the food digestion process within their rumen. Ruminant animals, which depend mainly on grasses and other fibre-rich plants, gain cellulose after food consumption to supply their high demand for energy. However, the lack of natural enzyme within their bodies can be counter effective during the cellular activities of these animals. This problem is overcome by different microorganisms found inside the rumen of the ruminants such as ciliated protozoa, anaerobic fungi and many bacterial species such as Fibrobacter succi nogenes and Ruminococcus albus which provide enzymes for breaking down cellulose to various carbon products such as glucose for energy. These organisms which create carbon cycle within the body of ruminants are important in providing organic compounds, proteins and vitamins to the animals (Wallace, 2008). Also, there are other organisms such as leaf-cutting insects which heavily rely on different types of bacteria for their nutrition. These bacteria belonging to different families such as Enterobacteriacaea and different genera such as Prevotella, Ruminococcus, Klebsiella, etc., which together form a fungal population, acquire the capability of degrading the fibres that constitute the cell walls of the plant. These polymers are hydrolysed into smaller monomers due to the fungal activities and are very useful for these leaf-cutting insects such as ants to achieve energy for survival. The relationship of the fungus and the leaf-cutting insects is mutual as the insects which cultivate the fungus help the microorganisms by sheltering them in a safe and facilitated environment within the leaves (Suen et.al. 2010). Not only animals, but microorganisms, with their efficiency in creating symbiosis with different living creatures, have been very helpful for the growth and maintenance of huge variety of plants in many numbers of ways. The roots are the main pathways for the absorption of different nutritional components needed for the plants to survive and grow. To do so, they come in contact with the soil hence fixing the plants into stationary position. This area of the interaction of the plant roots and the soil is called the rhizosphere. The rhizosphere contains a number of microorganisms which form mutualistic relationship with the plants, therefore allowing both of the plants and the microorganisms to exist and function normally. Different types of microorganisms such as the fungal strain, Trichoderma viride, are very important in protecting the soil against pathogens by producing antibiotics. This is crucial for the plants as it helps them to avoid different diseases. Besides this, plants ab sorb different molecules synthesised by different microorganisms present in the region to support their development. Some of the molecules include plant hormones such as gibberellic acid produced by the fungus, Gibberella fujikuro, cytokinins, auxins, etc., along with various other components such as amino acids, sugars and vitamins which help the plants to grow and maintain their structure (Starkey, 1958). Along with different organic molecules, several inorganic factors are also needed for ensuring the growth of plants. Among these, nitrogen is considered to be a vital aspect for the plant development. Nitrogen gases, which dominate the earthà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢s atmosphere, cannot be used directly by the plant materials and so need to be converted into various nitrogen containing compounds. During this process of nitrogen fixing, different microorganisms come into play making it possible for the plants to absorb the compounds. Among different types of plants, leguminous plants use different bacteria such as Rhizobium and Bradyrhizobium for the fixing of nitrogen. These bacteria enter into the plants by piercing through the walls and the epidermis of the root cells and ultimately giving rise to the nodules. After the entry, the microorganisms become active for nitrogen fixation at the site called bacteroids present within the nodule. The nodules also contain leghemoglobin which have features similar to that of haemoglobin in human beings. The ability of these molecules to provide oxygen is very important for the bacteroids to maintain their ATP level and also for the nodules to give their red colour. The darkness of the nodule helps in determining the degree of N2 fixation. Besides the symbiotic relation of Rhizobium and leguminous plants, the interaction between the bacteria and other non-leguminous plants such as Parasponia andersonii also occurs to fix the nitrogen. Apart from Rhizobium, several other ba cteria such as Frankia form symbiotic relationship with various dicotyledonous plants for the formation of the nodules. These nodules, in presence of sufficient oxygen, increase their nitrogenous activity and help in fixing nitrogen required for the growth and development of plants (Burris et.al. 1992). Likewise, different microorganisms also play huge role in the area of biotechnology. The use of the biotechnology which has great impact in different fields such as medicine, agriculture, engineering, etc. make use of biological organisms and are involved in some sort of industrial processes. This also includes food technology which has been hugely influenced by the use of microorganisms during the process. One of the important aspects of the food technology where microorganisms are utilised includes fermentation. Fermentation is the process of oxidising the sugar molecules such as carbohydrates for the formation of smaller molecules such as alcohol and carbon dioxide which are simultaneously reduced in an oxygen deprived environment. So, the fermentation process has been used for the production of different kinds of alcohol such as wine where different strains of yeast such as Saccharomyces cerevisiae or Saccharomyces ellipsoideus are used to extract the alcoholic content from the c arbohydrates as well as beer which are produced by the fermentation of starch obtained from cereals using other strains of yeast such as Saccharomyces carlsbergensis (Prescott, 1999). Besides producing alcohol, milk can also be fermented to produce lactic acid which is useful in dairy products such as yogurt, cream, cheese, butter, etc. To synthesise these products, different lactic acid bacteria belonging to various genera such as Lactococcus, Lactobacilli, Enterococci, Streptococci, etc. are used during the fermentation process. Different strains of these bacteria are used in different ways to achieve the desired product such as the bacteria Lactobacilli bulagricus and Streptococcus thermophilus provide the milk with good texture and flavour giving yogurt as the end product. However, the inability of some other bacteria such as Lactobacillus acidophilus to provide texture leaves the milk only with considerable acidity (Acidophilus milk). This is one of the useful products of milk fermentation (Vuyst 2000). Also, the process of bread making is highly affected by the bacterial strain Saccharomyces cerevisiae which ferment different saccharides such as glucose and fructose present naturally in the dough, sucrose added by the baker and maltose produced through the breakdown of starch into acids. The fermentation converts the sugars into acids such as CO2, hence providing the bread with the needed texture, taste and odour (Attfield et.al. 2001). In addition to these, fermentation industry has been proved to be very advantageous to meet the high demand of antibiotics whilst maintaining the economy during their production. These antibiotics are generated from the growth of microorganisms such as different strains of fungus Penicillium and are known as secondary metabolites. This rapid production of antibiotics is useful in different areas ranging from human bodies to soil to combat different pathogens and other harmful microbes (Wilkinson, 1975). Along with the use of the microorganisms in different fields of biotechnology, rapid development has been observed in the genetic engineering where the DNA of an organism is modified using several means such as enzymes and vectors and recombinant DNA is obtained that is used to for benefits. Microorganisms have been modified for different medical purposes. The proteins that have the potential of treating certain diseases or illness have been extracted through the genetically modified microorganisms. The alternation of genes in an organism to treat diseases known as gene therapy makes great use of different strains of bacteria such as Salmonella, Shigella, Listeria as well as Escherichia coli and certain types of yeast (Vassaux et.al. 2005). Among these, there has been significant achievement in the cancer treatment through the use of modified microorganisms. Various microorganisms such belonging to the strains of Clostridium, Bifidobacterium, Salmonella, Mycobacterium, Bacillus and L isteria, which are either obligate anaerobic or facultative anaerobic, have the ability of supressing the tumour growth by acting as anticancer agents and hence targeting the overgrowing cells (Bernades et.al. 2010). Similarly, the use of vaccines has been very important to treat different diseases such as small pox, measles, mumps, polio, etc. These vaccines which are inserted into organismsà ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â€ž ¢ bodies carry several antigens and so induce the immune response within the body systems. The production of these useful antigens is possible through the different microbial strains of bacteria and viruses such as Staphylococcus  carnosus, Salmonella enterica, Listeria monocytogenes, etc. which are weakened and are used as carriers for the antigens. This causes the antibodies against certain pathogens to be produced inside the living body of the organisms (Schoen et al. 2007). The technique of genetically modifying microorganisms has been of great use in the field of agriculture. Different bacteria such as Agrobacterium tumefaciens are used to produce recombinant DNA with desired gene and are transferred into the plants in order to produce different plant growth hormones and hence increase crop productivity. Also, the genes from other bacteria such as Bacillus thuringiensis have been transformed using recombinant DNA technology and inserted into the plant cells of different types such as tomato and tobacco enabling them to resist against diseases caused by the pests. Besides different pests, fungi and insects, the frost formation can also disturb the normal functioning of cells in many agricultural crops. There are several biological agents that can induce in the nucleation of ice layer in the leaf surfaces. To reduce the effects of these agents, several microorganisms such as ice-minus strain of Pseudomonas syringae bacteria, Pseudomonas fluorescens, Erwi nia herbicola, etc. are used to protect the plants against ice formation (Atlas, 1998). With so many benefits and many more such as in treatment of sewages and wastes, energy recovery through large production of biomass that are brought through the use of microorganisms, they can hardly be considered as disease causing agents. All the advantages are very necessary to maintain the equilibrium of the environment and to benefit human beings during daily survivals. While the pathogenic organisms that carry diseases need to be controlled from growth, attempt of eradicating the microorganisms completely from the ecosystem needs to be avoided as this can counter balance the positive effects carried by them and can induce a serious threat to the survival of some other organisms in the living system.

Juvenile Justice Essay

Crimes are usually assumed to have been committed by adults, unfortunately, in today’s society; crimes are committed by juveniles at a growing rate. Maybe juveniles are viewing too many violent television shows or movies, playing too many violent video games, or maybe juveniles are committing crimes out of boredom. Nevertheless, the pertinent issue is the fact that juveniles are participating in the commission of criminal activity at an adult level. Juveniles are no longer stealing candy bars from the local grocery store, but they are committing violent crimes against other people. Even more astounding is the fact that these same juvenile offenders are walking away with only probation as their punishment. For the most part, juveniles commit offenses pertaining to property, public nuisances, and underage drug and alcohol related crimes. Violent crimes against other persons such as assault and battery and murder are now included in the list of crimes committed by juveniles (Torbet, 1996). In order to understand why specific crimes are committed, one must carefully examine the juvenile offender. Juvenile offenders are both male and female. Some come from broken or single-parent homes lacking adequate supervision of the juvenile during the evening hours. Some juveniles are suffering from an undiagnosed psychological disorder whereby making it difficult for the juvenile to understand the consequences of his or her criminal actions. Finally, some juveniles have become associated with local gangs or gang members as a means of joining the group. Probation is a necessary factor within the juvenile justice system. There is however, the lingering question as to what crimes constitute a probationary sentence and what crimes mandate incarceration. First time offenders have almost always been guaranteed probation as a means of scaring the juvenile into straightening out their life (Gaines & Miller, 2008). Juveniles having committed petty larceny, underage drinking violations, and simple assaults may also be good candidates for probation, but juveniles who have committed felonies should not be afforded probation. Juvenile probation enacts specific mandates in order to retrain and discipline the offender for his or her wrongdoing against society. Community service and attending school are most common requirements of probation. Some courts even order the juvenile to pay restitution to the victims. Curfews are strictly enforced as are daily or weekly reporting to the assigned probation officer (Torbet, 1996). In certain cases, substance abuse counseling and attending groups such as narcotics anonymous or alcoholics anonymous are provisioned. Counseling is generally enforced as a condition of probation and may include anger management classes and social skills building therapy (Gaines & Miller, 2008). If a juvenile fails to meet any provisions set forth by the probation officer, the juvenile’s probation could ultimately be revoked. It is difficult to combat or devise a universal solution to the juvenile delinquency problem in this country. Many programs have been created in order to aid the juvenile justice system by attempting to discourage repeat offenders. Some courts may find it necessary to require random urinalysis screenings of any or all juvenile offenders. Juvenile probation officers may discover in the course of monitoring certain juveniles that family counseling may be necessary in order to provide the juvenile with structure and stability. In more severe cases, it could be suggested that the juvenile may need to be removed from the home and placed into foster care in order to protect the juvenile from imminent danger created by addicted parents or crime filled neighborhoods. The juvenile justice system is in dire need of reorganization, and the best starting point would definitely be in the juvenile probation department.

Raphael Sanzio - 1575 Words

RAPHAEL SANZIO Raphael was one of the most important artists of the Italian Renaissance. Raphael painted and designed many brilliant pieces of work and the stanzas inside the Vatican. He was a master at such necessities of modern art such as depth and perspective and the use of light and shadow, and was the turning point styles of paintings like the use of Madonnas in paintings. Through his short life, Raphael would make some of the most awe-inspiring, beautiful, and influential works of art during the Italian Renaissance. Raphael whose full name was Raphael Sanzio, (also known as Raphael Sanzi), was born on April 6th, 1483. He was born in the town of Urbino, Italy, where he would spend his childhood life until he was 11 years old. His†¦show more content†¦In 1508, at the age of 24, Raphael was invited to the Vatican by Pope Julius II. Raphael was summoned to the Vatican to paint things like stanzas, and was probably recommended to the pope by Domato Bramante, an architect. He was immediately well liked by the pope and everyone else at the Vatican due to his personality; Raphael was a nice, gentle, and sensitive individual. As Giorgio Vasari once said about Raphael, Raphael was so gentle and so charitable that even animals loved him, not to speak of men. (Ruskin, p. 132) In order for Raphael to paint stanzas Pope Julius II ordered some old frescoes to be washed away from the Vatican walls. Although he made many stanzas, he only painted one stanza: the Stanza della Segnatura. In the other stanzas that Raphael would make, Raphael would sketch the stanzas and his pupils would paint whatever he sketched. In the Stanza della Segnatura, there was a stanza for each of the four walls.. Each side represented a topic. The four sides were about theology, poetry, philosophy, law. Each topic was represented with a painting. Theology was represented by Disputa, poetry by Parnassus, Jurisprudence represented law, and the extremely famous The School of Athens represented philosophy. He started working on these stanzas in early 1509 and finished inShow MoreRelatedRaphael Sanzio Essay1527 Words   |  7 PagesRaphael Sanzio Raphael was one of the most important artists of the Italian Renaissance. Raphael painted and designed many brilliant pieces of work and the stanzas inside the Vatican. He was a master at such necessities of modern art such as depth and perspective and the use of light and shadow, and was the turning point styles of paintings like the use of Madonnas in paintings. Through his short life, Raphael would make some of the most awe-inspiring, beautiful, and influential works of art duringRead MoreEssay on Raphael Sanzio Inspired1449 Words   |  6 Pagesfuture artists. This is how the artist Raphael Sanzio came about being one of the best of his time. Raphael took methods and ideas from his surrounding colleagues and then he would combine them with his own personality to create some of the best works from his era. Raphael Sanzios work of the Italian High Renaissance era is the result of influences and incorporation of techniques of Michelangelo Buonarroti, Pietro Perugino, and Leonardo D aVinci. Raphael Sanzio is most well remembered for his dynamicRead MoreRaphael1126 Words   |  5 PagesRaphael, and The Stanza Della Segnatura Raphael Sanzio was one of the most important artists of the Italian Renaissance. Raphael painted and designed many brilliant pieces of work and the stanzas inside the Vatican. He was a master at such necessities of modern art such as depth and perspective and the use of light and shadow, and was the turning point styles of paintings like the use of Madonnas in paintings. Through his short life, Raphael would make some of the most awe-inspiring, beautifulRead MoreEssay on Raphael and His Genius912 Words   |  4 PagesRaffaello Sanzio was an amazing artist from the late 1400’s to the early 1500’s who created many amazing paintings that helped change the style of medieval art to Renaissance art. Without him the style of art now would most likely be more primitive and not as advanced as art should be. This is because he made many advances, including more realistic painting. His most important paintings include â€Å"The School Of Athens†, the â€Å"Sistine Mado nna†, and the â€Å"Marriage of the Virgin†. Not only are thoseRead MoreWhy The Prodigy Artist Is Intrigued By Them2323 Words   |  10 PagesQuestion 2 Leung Ka Ho (s1659467) RAPHAEL, LETTER TO POPE LEO X, ARCHITECTURAL DRAWINGS: WHY THE PRODIGY PAINTER IS INTRIGUED BY THEM Architectural drawings, despite its many crude forms, has existed long before the time of the Italian painter-architect Raphael Sanzio da Urbino. Nevertheless, with reference to Wolfgang Lotz, the prodigy painter’s letter to Pope Leo X has been regarded as the trailblazer of â€Å"the rendering of interior inRead MoreThe Renaissance Er The Era Of The Individual1017 Words   |  5 Pagesknown as one of the most historical cities. Then came the High Renaissance, which started in the 1490s and ended in 1527. This period consisted of some of the best artist that many people know up until today. Their names are Leonardo da Vinci, Raphael Sanzio, and Michelangelo Buonarroti. These three men worked on their artwork in the same city and also lived there as well. Leonardo was not only an artist, but he was also scholar. His curiosity lead him to the study of physics, geology, mathematicsRead MoreImpact Of The Italian Renaissance1387 Words   |  6 Pagesstatue still remains for display in Florence, Italy. Rafaello Sanzio, also known as â€Å"Raphael† is another famous painter and architect of the renaissance. Growing up in an artistic environment, Raphael began his painting career at a young age. It wasn’t long before his artistic talent became well known in his town. He was greatly inspired by the works from Leonardo and Michelangelo. Analyzing the art work of these artists assisted Raphael in improv ing his own painting skills and developing his personalRead MoreRaphael The School Of Athens Essay710 Words   |  3 Pagesï » ¿Laura M Darden Professor Johnson Art Appreciation 17 November 2014 The school of Athens From the book Living with Art I chose Raphael. The School of Athens on page 160. This painting took place in Stanza della Segnatura, Vatican. Rome. This is a naturalistic stylized pace of art. The two visual elements of design that I saw in the Raphael painting, is color, and space. There are both horizontal, vertical, and diagonal lines to making up the arches and all the columns. An implied line is in eachRead MoreEssay on Raphael Sanzios Life and Accomplishments889 Words   |  4 PagesRaffaello Sanzio was an amazing artist from the late 1400’s to the early 1500’s, who created many amazing paintings that helped change the style of medieval art to Renaissance art. Without him, the style of art now would most likely be more primitive and not as advanced as it should be. This is because he made many advances including more realistic painting. His most important paintings include â€Å"The School Of Athens†, the â€Å"Sistine Madonna†, and the â€Å"M arriage of the Virgin†. Not only are thoseRead More How Raphael Personifies The Renaissance Essay1192 Words   |  5 PagesThesis Statement In my research, I have seen how Raphael individually personifies what the High Renaissance encircles. I.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Early Life nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;A.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Childhood nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;B.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Family nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;C.nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;Father as court painternbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nbsp;nb

Comment and Compare the Boscastle and Pakistan Floods

During the 2010 monsoon season (July and August), Pakistan experienced the worst floods recorded in its history. Heavy rainfall caused flash floods in the north and north-western regions of the country. The subsequent run-off created a southward moving mass of water approximately the size of the United Kingdom. The flood waters travelled downstream through Punjab and Sindh until they reached the Arabian Sea. Many of the main tributaries feeding into the Indus River were also flooded, further inundating agricultural lands. In total, some 20 million people were displaced and 50,000 square km were submerged, while standing crops, infrastructure and land were damaged extensively. The extent of the destruction caused by the 2010 floods is†¦show more content†¦In addition, shops were carrying greater levels of stock than at other times of the year. Although new flood defences were set to be built in October of that year, work had not yet started. Overall, excellent emergency services and Environment Agency response meant no lives were lost. However, due to the constantly changing nature of the tourist population, it took a long time to clearly establish that there had been no fatalities. Most shops stayed shut for the rest of the season and the bad publicity reduced tourist numbers during the following years, resulting in a negative multiplier effect for the entire local community. In addition, the effect spread beyond Boscastle - other settlements along the river were perceived to be at risk by tourists. Boscastle businesses could claim compensation from their insurance companies (claims for ‘disruption to trading’ in Boscastle amounted to  £15m). However, others businesses elsewhere in Cornwall could not, even though they too may have suffered reduced trade in the following years. This became a cause for concern, with tourism accounting for 30% of Cornwall’s GDP and tourists spending up to  £1 billion throughout the county. Shared amenities such as Boscastle village green were now covered with silt and up-ended cars. There were serious costs for a small community with a seasonal employment problem, due to its over-reliance